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Book Review: Lester Pearson’s Peacekeeping: The Truth May Hurt, by Yves Engler

M. Spector
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An important new book, reviewed by Paul Weinberg

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M. Spector
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Paul Weinberg wrote:
From the late 1940s until the 1960s Pearson backed all of the major U.S. moves against nationalist governments that sought to control their countries' internal resources. The most notorious are the 1953 CIA inspired coups against democratically elected administrations in Guatemala and Iran. Neither has never really recovered from the consequences of those decisions by Washington to intervene.

Pearson was adamant and consistent in opposing every significant anti-colonial movement in the developing world from the 1940s to the 1960s whether it involved Algeria, Indochina or Africa or Indonesia.

Furthermore, he fought against UN resolutions denouncing apartheid in South Africa, accepted American nuclear weapons on Canadian soil following the U.S. inspired election defeat of Conservative PM John Diefenbaker and provided plenty of diplomatic support to the American war in Vietnam -- despite the well publicized scolding received from President Lyndon Johnson after Canada's PM urged a bombing pause over North Vietnam in April 1965.

Engler suggests that Canada made a lot of money out of the Vietnam War through the sale of raw materials like nickel, aluminum, iron ore and steel, as well as weapons to the Americans. During its failed battle to keep Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos) in the 50s from becoming independent states, France was also a beneficiary of tens of millions of dollars in Canadian arms through NATO's Mutual Aid Program, he adds.

He writes that Pearson was not adverse to red baiting his critics of his decisions in the CCF/NDP and the peace movement.


NDPP
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So glad to hear Yves has another book out. Can't wait. He's a national treasure.


M. Spector
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Thanks to NDPP for drawing the following review of Yves Engler's book to our attention:

NDPP wrote:

Canada's Defrocked Prince of Peace  - by Kim Petersen

http://dissidentvoice.org/2012/02/canadas-defrocked-prince-of-peace

"...Lester Pearson's Peacekeeping notes that some Zionists referred to him as 'Lord Balfour of Canada' and 'Rabbi Pearson'. Pearson even received the Theodore Herzel award from the Zionist Organization of America for his 'commitment to Jewish Freedom and Israel.'.."

 


M. Spector
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"I think that Pearson was a model for what Canada can and should be doing in the world."

— Tom Mulcair, on As It Happens, March 27, 2012


DaveW
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Pearson's reputation may well be overblown. The Suez intervention introduced the concept of peacekeeping, but opened the door to more UN intervention.

regarding Pearon's stance re the Guatemala and Iran coups, I need more information: what exactly did he do/not do before these events? How is involved was he, except at the most distant edges?

regarding NATO:  every social democratic force in Western Europe was in favour of protecting West Germany; David Lewis, like Pearson an Oxford alum and also close to the British Labour leadership, was among NDP leaders who were firmly in support; a good idea and eventually a winning one

regarding the Korean war, Pearson was exactly correct; we would have one big North Korea today had the UN-backed forces lost that war...  a justifiable defence.

 


M. Spector
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The Truth about Lester Pearson

Yves Engler wrote:

The Top 10 things you don’t know about Canada’s most famous statesman, Lester B. Pearson:

10. Asked in Parliament, he refused to call for Nelson Mandela’s release from prison.

9. He had Canada deliver weapons to the French to put down the Algerian and Vietnamese independence movements.

8. The Kennedy administration helped Pearson win his first minority government.

7. He incited individuals to destroy a peace group after it called for the outlawing of nuclear weapons.

6. Pearson backed the CIA coups in Iran and Guatemala.

5. He described the formation of NATO, not peacekeeping, as the “most important thing I participated in.”

4. Pearson threatened to quit as external affairs minister if Canada failed to deploy ground troops to Korea.

3. He agreed to have Canada’s representatives to the International Control Commission for Vietnam spy for the US and deliver their bombing threats to the North.

2. The world’s leading intellectual, Noam Chomsky, considers Lester Pearson a war criminal.

1. Stephen Harper’s foreign policy resembles that of Pearson more than any Liberal would ever admit.


M. Spector
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From a review of the book by Jim Miles in Foreign Policy Journal:

Quote:
Engler’s next to final arguments cover the scope of Canada’s support for the US imperial project in all its facets. Pearson’s basic attitude expressed after the US fiasco at the Bay of Pigs, was that the Americans “are a wonderful and generous people, the least imperialistically minded people that ever had world power thrust on them.” The big lie still works.

Engler works through other examples. The Brazilian coup of 1964 served Canada’s corporate interests, mainly mining (as Canada now works its wonders in Central America and Peru). Pearson supported the US invasion of the Dominican Republic, again for corporate interests including mining and the seventy per cent stake in the country’s banking. Naval vessels were sent to the Barbados in a show of strength for their independence celebration.

Africa received its fair share of attention. The racist regime in Rhodesia received Canada’s support. The Portuguese were supported in their last stand with their African colonies, going beyond diplomatic and economic support to supplying military aid. Military trainers helped overthrow the government of Ghana in 1966.

Israel enters the picture again when Egypt blockaded the Strait of Tiran. From all its reactions to this, Cairo radio labeled Pearson a “silly idiot” and Al Ahram wrote, that Canada was “a stooge of the Western powers who seek to colonize the Arab world with Israel’s help.” The error in the latter message is that Canada is not a stooge, but a more than willing participant in the U.S. imperial drive.


Lard Tunderin Jeezus
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I have two issues with what I have read in the reviews of this book (I haven't read the book, this thread is my first introduction to it).

First, that the book seems entirely decontextualized. There is no framing of Pearson's actions within the pre-period-post WWII zeitgeist, nor the America-ascendent Cold War.

Secondly, that it best serves the purposes of the "Conservative" reactionaries currently in power. They delight in claiming that there is nothing new going on in their military adventurism and police state expansion. This treatise "from the far-left" supports their claims quite elegantly.

I do not deny that Pearson has been somewhat mythologized. But a nation's myths exist for a reason, and serve a purpose. 


M. Spector
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Lard Tunderin Jeezus wrote:

Secondly, that it best serves the purposes of the "Conservative" reactionaries currently in power. They delight in claiming that there is nothing new going on in their military adventurism and police state expansion. This treatise "from the far-left" supports their claims quite elegantly.

That's because it's true.

You've swallowed the Pearsonian koolaid. You imagine that there is some golden age of progressive foreign policy in Canada's history during the Cold War that we can look back upon fondly and bash the Conservatives with. You acknowledge "somewhat" the mythologizing of Pearson, but in reality you are as much a victim of that mythology as anyone else. 

Like Engler says, the truth may hurt. But perpetuating lies is not the answer.


NDPP
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My favourite Pearson story is of Mike  delivering a speech in which he made some mild criticism of US actions in Vietnam. Shortly thereafter he went to Washington to meet LBJ.  Johnson grabbed Pearson by the shirt collar, lifted the prime minister off the floor and shouted, 'Lester, you pissed on my rug!'


Caissa
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I think he gave that speech at Temple, if my memory serves me correctly.


Lard Tunderin Jeezus
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M. Spector wrote:

That's because it's true.

With the advantage of 20/20 hindsight, it is largely true. But context is all, and historical trends matter. Military spending as a percentage of GDP fell under Pearson, and personal liberties for Canadians were expanded - two very important factors ignored here.


M. Spector
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Yves Engler speaks in Winnipeg, March 15, about the book: watch it on YouTube.


NDPP
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Excellent. Don't miss this. Pearson and Harper similarities...Palestine, Zionism, NATO as a Canadian invention and much, much more...


M. Spector
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flight from kamakura
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i think mulcair's "i like mike" comment was pretty clearly based on the mythology around the guy (uh, nobel peace prize?) than anything else.  seriously good to have this stuff out there, as we continue the drive to kill off the liberal party of canada and replace it with a good solid leftist party.

finally, this is one of the craziest statements i've ever read:

2. The world’s leading intellectual, Noam Chomsky, considers Lester Pearson a war criminal.

chomsky is completely irrelevant, and i couldn't see how he would be "the world's leading intellectual" any more than anyone i picked based on my own interests.  definitely not a very good "thing you didn't know about pearson."


Michael Moriarity
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flight from kamakura wrote:

i think mulcair's "i like mike" comment was pretty clearly based on the mythology around the guy (uh, nobel peace prize?) than anything else.  seriously good to have this stuff out there, as we continue the drive to kill off the liberal party of canada and replace it with a good solid leftist party.

finally, this is one of the craziest statements i've ever read:

2. The world’s leading intellectual, Noam Chomsky, considers Lester Pearson a war criminal.

chomsky is completely irrelevant, and i couldn't see how he would be "the world's leading intellectual" any more than anyone i picked based on my own interests.  definitely not a very good "thing you didn't know about pearson."

Chomsky may be irrelevant to you and the corporate media, but he is very highly regarded by millions of people who have been paying attention.


Caissa
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War criminal has become one of those terms that tends to get thrown around with abandon.


M. Spector
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Bullshit. Are you claiming that the term has no meaning any more? That any time someone is called a war criminal you can safely ignore it? What exactly is your point in making that post, if not to lend support and justification to war crimes by trying to minimize their importance ?


NDPP
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Joined: Dec 28 2008

Unfortunately,  warcrimes, have been committed with such abandon - Iraq, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Gaza, DRC, Rwanda -  and with such impunity,  that it does eventually tend to discredit the very term - which is of course the reason we must continue to name them. The problem is that the warcriminals themselves or their associates and successors, are in control of the justice process that should be investigating and indicting the criminals alleged. As for Pearson, do your research, or read Engler's book. Pearson was definitely a war criminal.


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