More money diverted from health care to enrich the rich.

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Tommy_Paine
More money diverted from health care to enrich the rich.

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/05/27/ehealth-ontario.html

 

"An Ontario health agency has doled out nearly $5 million in contracts without any apparent attempt to open up the deals to outside bidders, documents obtained by CBC News show."

 

 

thanks

The article says one of the corporations contracted was Accenture. 

http://www.accenture.com/

Accenture is a private global corporation that is into everything from military and mining to private insurance and private health care, including outsourcing.

What is this company doing with our health records?

Where is the accountability vis a vis the Canada Health Act? namely Universality?

when we give our health records to private insurance companies it allows them to cherry pick and raise rates. 

 

Tommy_Paine

I wasn't thinking so much along those lines, as much as wondering what the partizan connections might be.  Did/do any of the companies or individuals donate to the Liberal Party of Ontario kind of thing.  But you raise an important point I missed.

Another angle to this relates to the legislature.  It's amazing how much money on contracts can get spent without it having to go through the legislature.  I imagine, over the years that legislatures have found this expedient.

I mean, if every million had to pass through the Legislature for approval, then our MPP's might find themselves sitting four days a week, 25 or 30 weeks of the year!

Runcimen and NDP members might put on the act of being affronted and apalled, but in the end, they are, to varying degrees, part of this too.

 

thanks

"It's amazing how much money on contracts can get spent without it having to go through the legislature. "

with the Security and Prosperity Partnership and provincial acts that have incorporated regulations and clauses that devolve decision-making to 'other bodies' including privatized managers and stakeholders, much work actually does get done away from legislatures these days.  only issues that media or pressure groups have picked up on get talked about in legislatures.  it's a circus.

you have to be online all the time, or read the Canada Gazette, to catch a new rule going through, maybe get a chance to put in an online comment (which is ignored) and the decisions get made by the private players writing up the drafts and feeding them to officials. 

that's what we have going on now.  federally and provincially.  the NDP federally have called the Cons and Libs on this in the past.

Tommy_Paine

"with the Security and Prosperity Partnership and provincial acts that have incorporated regulations and clauses that devolve decision-making to 'other bodies' including privatized managers and stakeholders, much work actually does get done away from legislatures these days."

Exactly.  And, at least on paper, what is the legislature?  It's us.  I've gone spellunking a few times to no avail, but it would be interesting to see just how many days Parliament and our legislatures actually sit.  In Ontario, I think the legislature was only in session for a handfull of days for the year.  McGinty closed it down early before the election because there were too many questions being asked about money to things like Cricket Clubs, then we were into an election.  Then, while the economy started to really melt down last fall, the legislature was no where to be found.

This ehealth semi-scandal should blow the lid off the dereliction of duty shared by ALL MPP's.

Getting back to the cash for life lottery at ehealth, makes you wonder how much money is spent on health care that doesn't actually get spent on caring for health.  A month ago, we were treated to the spectre of the pharmacuetical industry ripping off the public, and endangering the public with their tidy little scheme.  Something that faded from the news faster than a Canadian tan in Ocotober.

Watching Kramer and listening to the minister of health this morning, they keep justifying the huge huge huge bucks non medical consultants have taken from the system as "that's the going rate paid in the private sector."

And of course, none of our intrepid reporters has yet to say, " Yeah?  Name One."

I don't believe for one second that private companies would fork over that kind of dough.

 

Boom Boom Boom Boom's picture

Kramer must be a Liberal - she gave three interviews to CBC-TV this week, and in each one she gave the impression she is entitled to her generous salary, and is entitled to dole out as much money as she sees fit. Damn Liberals and their entitlements!Yell

thanks

"I don't believe for one second that private companies would fork over that kind of dough."

it's an upwardly spiralling pillage - the private corps who these days do everything from infrastructure tech software and management to construction hardware to floor cleaning and security get money from government in the form of lease payments or direct contracts (P3 or otherwise), or tax breaks, or the bankers behind them get bailouts, then they pay that to consultants.  all the money comes from the same place originally - us.  we just have a sick system that keeps sucking it into the private vortex, all in the name of the public good, of course, and justified by glibberal cons.

thanks

i'm just wondering if people at babble who know what a better-functioning legislature might have looked like in the past, to name some details of that.  there's a generation growing up who don't know any different than the corporate-led excuse for democracy they see operating today.

pick any period in history you like, any place.  we need some ideas.

(maybe some of this has been covered in the 'crisis in democracy' thread, haven't checked there yet.)

Tommy_Paine

Kramer must be a Liberal - she gave three interviews to CBC-TV this week, and in each one she gave the impression she is entitled to her generous salary, and is entitled to dole out as much money as she sees fit. Damn Liberals and their entitlements!Yell

 

I will say that Kramer was not short changed in the smarts department, this much is evident. Her damage control strategy was perfect, and she had an explanation for everything.  And, she kept her cool no matter the question put to her.   Of course, some of that might have been due to some punch pulling by the interviewers.  As I said above, when she claimed this was the going rate for consultants, someone should have said "Name one".  And, I don't think they hammered her on the fact that some of the contracts were in fact issued outside the rules.  I thought Newman pushed her hard on the fact she got a bonus so quickly while others had their bonii cut or eliminated was good, but Kramer had a work around prepared.

Kramer was, if nothing else, prepared.

Thing is, even if everything she said is true, according to the rules, etc. (which would not surprise me)  the issue is the rules themselves.

Tommy_Paine

i'm just wondering if people at babble who know what a better-functioning legislature might have looked like in the past, to name some details of that.  there's a generation growing up who don't know any different than the corporate-led excuse for democracy they see operating today.

pick any period in history you like, any place.  we need some ideas.

I think the further we go back in history, the worse legislatures and our Parliament would look.

 

Speaking of Parliament:

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/05/29/cpp-payment-reaction.html

 

remind remind's picture

Accenture is the same companyGordo privatized out to here I believe.

Doug

An eHealth Ontario consultant billed taxpayers for tea from Tim Hortons and a dessert square at the Edmonton International Airport while earning $2,700 a day at the embattled agency, documents show.

Donna Strating, a senior vice-president of eHealth Ontario, billed $1.65 for a tea from Tim Hortons on Dec. 16, 2008, according to documents obtained by the Progressive Conservative party under a freedom of information request.

Nine days earlier, a bill was submitted for $3.19 for a dessert square at Second Cup at the Edmonton International Airport, the papers show.

The Star also learned yesterday that the eHealth agency, which has been under intense scrutiny over high-priced consultants and executive perks, spent $27,000 to sponsor an out-of-province conference, including an evening reception Sunday.

http://www.healthzone.ca/health/article/643972

 

The tea and the dessert square are kind of silly, but symbolic. The big stuff follows:


Caplan continued to defend eHealth CEO Sarah Kramer, who was under fire last week after it was disclosed she was given a bonus of $114,000 after five months on the job, and that eHealth awarded nearly $5 million in contracts without tender in the agency's first four months. "I think it is fair to say that Sarah and the leadership at the organization, in a few short months, (have yielded) very good results," Caplan said.

More details emerged yesterday about the high costs of consultancy fees at eHealth, an agency created last year to build an electronic provincial health system after its previous incarnation, Smart Systems for Health Agency, was dissolved. Smart Systems was highly criticized for spending $647 million in public funds and producing little results.

Electronic health records projects are pretty infamous wasters of money. The NHS in Britain has thrown billions of pounds at it so that tells you how bad it can get

Doug

This is just getting stupider and stupider. Now they've hired consultants to determine if some other consultants were being paid too much!


PriceWaterhouseCoopers was paid $27,000 in January for a report on eHealth, which found the agency's spending practices were appropriate. Caplan has announced the same firm will now do another review of procurement and expenses at the provincial agency.

"Appointing a firm of consultants to decide if consultants are being paid the right amount is laughable at best and a very sad state of where we are at," said NDP critic France Gelinas.

http://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/644323

altima415

if you are looking for a site where you can report local news and be paid for it, visit [link deleted by moderator b/c it's spam] really good site that i found for news all over the globe

Tommy_Paine

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/06/02/ehealth-ontario-contracts.html

 

"Executives at two companies awarded untendered contracts from eHealth Ontario had close personal connections to the CEO and board chairman, CBC News has learned."

One big happy Family Compact.

Tommy_Paine

This story has enough legs to creep out a millipede:

 

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2009/06/04/ehealth-ontario-cancer-care-bo...

 

"That was part of my negotiation coming over from Cancer Care Ontario. I gave two days' notice in order to get started and move very quickly and left most of the [annual] bonus on the table from my previous year's contract," Kramer told CBC.

"The bonus reported to have been received by Sarah Kramer while at eHealth is in excess of any bonus a [Cancer Care Ontario vice-president] would receive while working here," Cancer Care CEO and president Terry Sullivan wrote in the memo.

In fact, her $114,000 bonus is three times higher than the $38,000 she received at Cancer Care the previous year."

Tommy_Paine

http://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/647115

 

......and CUT!  That's a wrap everyone......

Doug

We don't need more doctors or nurses in this province.
No, what we need is more bloated bureaucracy. We need wasteful agencies with negligible oversight and vague objectives. We need to pour billions of taxpayer dollars into a system in which a powerful clique puts personal gain ahead of the public good.
We should all quit our jobs to become consultants.
That way, we'll be rich enough to seek medical attention south of the border when our public health system finally collapses under the weight of its own wretched inefficiency.
This is why I want to become an eHealth consultant. This is why I want to work for Premier Dalton McGuinty.

 

http://www.thestar.com/news/article/647636

 

Me too! I missed my calling. I wonder what or who you have to know to become a management consultant.

Tigana Tigana's picture

Putting a link to an older Ontario health care thread in here in hopes that older and wiser hands will know where things tie together - Thank you.

http://www.rabble.ca/babble/rabble-reactions/do-we-really-have-socialize...

 

Doug

Liberals belly-up to the eHealth trough!

 

Key members of Dalton McGuinty's inner circle are surfacing in the eHealth Ontario spending scandal, documents obtained by the Star show.

Premier Dalton McGuinty's former health adviser was paid $327 an hour by eHealth to, among other tasks, correspond with McGuinty's former chief of staff in his new capacity at a polling firm on "eHealth Ontario priorities," billing records demonstrate.

Tommy_Paine

 

Of course.

You don't think you get jobs like Kramer had without funneling some of the money back to the people and friends of people who hired you?

Like I said above, one big happy Family Compact.

Sineed

Thought I'd revive this thread because of the connections between this, and the current dispute with the pharmacists.

As we all know, under George Smitherman, the Ministry of Health and LT Care had an unusually cosy relationship with the private sector.  In 2006, George Smitherman appointed Helen Stevenson, who headed a corporation called Savatuq, to look at Ontario's drug system.  Later, he hired her to be the Executive Officer of Public Drug Programs (even though there already was a manager of Public Drug Programs, a bureaucrat in charge of the drug system.  But that person was not beholden to furious George the way Helen Stevenson was).

Helen Stevenson's old corporation, Savatuq, received $1M in untendered contracts from the Ministry:

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2009/11/10/untendered-contract-he...

I know; $1M is chicken feed.

Helen Stevenson is now the Assistant Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Health and LT Care, pulling down a salary of $275,000.  Not bad for someone in the health ministry, an MBA who has no health care training, hired just five years ago at the personal behest of the minister.  In contrast, one of my former bosses in my ministry made assistant deputy minister just recently, after 30 years of service in the Ontario Public Sector.

And she is behind the push to reform the drug system in Ontario.  If you google, you'll find the article about the death threats:

http://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/798289--drug-reform-battle-l...

These death threat reports are from 2006, and have not been corroborated - the OPP refuses to comment.  Ms Stevenson brought them up to the media when pharmacists became more vocal and more heated about these proposed reforms.

 

Tommy_Paine

I finally found this, from last year.  As my memory sort of indicated, this current debate seems to have been touched off by this rather under reported news item:

 

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2009/04/27/ont-pharmacies.html

 

Manufacturers reported they had paid out $332 million in rebates over six months, but pharmacies reported they had received only $145 million.

In one case, a drug maker reported it had paid $5 million to one pharmacy, while the pharmacy said it received nothing.

Another pharmacy claimed it spent the money on 1,600 clinic days — five clinics for each day of the year.

The scheme posed a risk to public safety because the redistribution of drugs would make it difficult to track individual lots in the event of a recall, said assistant deputy health minister Helen Stevenson.

It also has an effect on the cost of drugs, she added.

"This is a national issue — that generic prices are so high," she said. "The reason that we can't get lower prices is because [drug manufacturers] are paying such huge allowances to pharmacies."

 

This has been a hard issue for me to get my head around.   Surely, I don't trust Shopper's Drug Mart.   And, I am suspicious of independant pharmacists arguing about their livelyhoods when their livelyhoods as independants have been under attack first from largish Drug Store chains like "Big V", and later, mega huge chains like Shopper's Drug Mart, Wal Mart, etc.

Seems to me that's where the big threat to independant drug stores is really coming from.  Going by, like, the evidence.

 

On the other hand, I tend to think what's very much wrong with life, the universe and everything is due in large part to people just like Ms. Stevenson, and, forgive me if I don't assume that this liberal appointee and former head of a drug company has my best interests at heart.

But, just what is the game here? While I don't know who is going to win this fight, most assuredly the loser-- me-- has already been determined.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sineed

There were some pharmacies scamming - they would order more than they needed from, say, Apotex, and then return it after collecting the professional allowance.  Some charges were laid, people got fined.

I think George Smitherman's hiring of someone from the private sector, who wrote a report that has never seen the light of day but on the basis of which major reforms in the drug system were made (Bill 102 from 2006), and then installing that person in a very high position in the health ministry is about power - George had it, and this is what he wanted to do.  I've read the Hansard transcripts from that time - there was a lot of screaming about this.  But at the end of the day, George got his way, and that was the point, IMO.

Then this person, Helen Stevenson, proves that she didn't get this plum job because she's a genius by looking at the drug system in a very narrow way.  If I may quote from the previous post:

Helen Stevenson wrote:
"This is a national issue — that generic prices are so high," she said. "The reason that we can't get lower prices is because [drug manufacturers] are paying such huge allowances to pharmacies."

Except this doesn't work.  According to the Ministry of Health and LT Care's website, 

Quote:
Compared to some US states, Ontario pays as much as five times more for some of the most popular generic drugs for diabetes, high blood pressure and other health conditions.

....buuuuuuut the professional allowances can only be 20% of the value of the drugs dispensed.  So how can they say Americans pay one-fifth, and it's all pharmacists' fault.  Shouldn't they be paying 20% less than Ontarians, in that case?

On a healthcare site where we've been discussing this situation, I posted a message asking American pharmacists where generic drugs are made for that country; here's what one pharmacist said:

American pharmacist wrote:
What a bunch of dipshits. 

The reason our generics are cheaper are because they are already all made in India, there is no price point at which the generic manufacturers are pretty much told to charge for drugs (THIS is the real reason...fucking intellectual coward politicians), and the generic manufacturers compete against each other in such a vicious cutthroat manner that it drives prices way down.

God, they are stupid. How the hell can you people elect such morons?

(Another American pharmacist already replied, "Same way we do.")

Here's where Helen Stevenson's vision is lacking:

Canadian pharmacist wrote:
Most of Canada's drugs are made in Ontario. Teva & Apotex have probably 80-90% of the market. Everyone else is a dwarf compared to them. 

That's right, most of the profits from generic drugs across Canada end up in Ontario, with corporate income taxes (and all those other taxes) paid to the Ontario coffers.  I wouldn't be surprised if they not only moved the factories out of Ontario, but the head offices and operations too. Shoppers Drug Mart may very well do the same. 

Ontario.gov doesn't seem to understand that the profits (and great employment) from these Canadian-wide operations end up in Ontario. Now by opening up this whole can of worms, they'll lost out on it all. 

It's like Michigan passing a law that makes car manufacturing less profitable, or Alaska banning future oil exploration in the state. Why would you dismantle your jurisdiction's biggest industries?

The generic drug industry employs 9,000 people in Ontario, 5000 of those by Apotex alone.

Currently, 63% of prescriptions are filled for generic drugs.  But 75% of drug costs are due to brand name drugs (even though they are only 25% of prescriptions filled, see?  Sorry about all these numbers - can't be explained any other way).  Where the government can save a bunch of money without fucking up the healthcare system and compelling major industries to outsource thousands of jobs overseas is to expand the use of generic drugs.

Pharmacists have been telling the government this.  Over and over.  For months.  But instead, the government takes direction from an inexperienced bureaucrat hand-picked by a former health minister.

And oh yeah; I really REALLY don't want George Smitherman as mayor of Toronto.

Sineed

Sineed wrote:

There were some pharmacies scamming - they would order more than they needed from, say, Apotex, and then return it after collecting the professional allowance.  Some charges were laid, people got fined.

I think George Smitherman's hiring of someone from the private sector, who wrote a report that has never seen the light of day but on the basis of which major reforms in the drug system were made (Bill 102 from 2006), and then installing that person in a very high position in the health ministry is about power - George had it, and this is what he wanted to do.  I've read the Hansard transcripts from that time - there was a lot of screaming about this.  But at the end of the day, George got his way, and that was the point, IMO.

Then this person, Helen Stevenson, proves that she didn't get this plum job because she's a genius by looking at the drug system in a very narrow way.  If I may quote from the previous post:

Helen Stevenson wrote:
"This is a national issue — that generic prices are so high," she said. "The reason that we can't get lower prices is because [drug manufacturers] are paying such huge allowances to pharmacies."

Except this doesn't work.  According to the Ministry of Health and LT Care's website, 

Quote:
Compared to some US states, Ontario pays as much as five times more for some of the most popular generic drugs for diabetes, high blood pressure and other health conditions.

....buuuuuuut the professional allowances can only be 20% of the value of the drugs dispensed.  So how can they say Americans pay one-fifth, and it's all pharmacists' fault.  Shouldn't they be paying 20% less than Ontarians, in that case?

On a healthcare site where we've been discussing this situation, I posted a message asking American pharmacists where generic drugs are made for that country; here's what one pharmacist said:

American pharmacist wrote:
What a bunch of dipshits. 

The reason our generics are cheaper are because they are already all made in India, there is no price point at which the generic manufacturers are pretty much told to charge for drugs (THIS is the real reason...fucking intellectual coward politicians), and the generic manufacturers compete against each other in such a vicious cutthroat manner that it drives prices way down.

God, they are stupid. How the hell can you people elect such morons?

(Another American pharmacist already replied, "Same way we do.")

Here's where Helen Stevenson's vision is lacking:

Canadian pharmacist wrote:
Most of Canada's drugs are made in Ontario. Teva & Apotex have probably 80-90% of the market. Everyone else is a dwarf compared to them. 

That's right, most of the profits from generic drugs across Canada end up in Ontario, with corporate income taxes (and all those other taxes) paid to the Ontario coffers.  I wouldn't be surprised if they not only moved the factories out of Ontario, but the head offices and operations too. Shoppers Drug Mart may very well do the same. 

Ontario.gov doesn't seem to understand that the profits (and great employment) from these Canadian-wide operations end up in Ontario. Now by opening up this whole can of worms, they'll lost out on it all. 

It's like Michigan passing a law that makes car manufacturing less profitable, or Alaska banning future oil exploration in the state. Why would you dismantle your jurisdiction's biggest industries?

The generic drug industry employs 9,000 people in Ontario, 5000 of those by Apotex alone.

Currently, 63% of prescriptions are filled for generic drugs.  But 75% of drug costs are due to brand name drugs (even though they are only 37% of prescriptions filled, see?  Sorry about all these numbers - can't be explained any other way).  Where the government can save a bunch of money without fucking up the healthcare system and compelling major industries to outsource thousands of jobs overseas is to expand the use of generic drugs.

Pharmacists have been telling the government this.  Over and over.  For months.  But instead, the government takes direction from an inexperienced bureaucrat hand-picked by a former health minister.

And oh yeah; I really REALLY don't want George Smitherman as mayor of Toronto.

Lard Tunderin Jeezus Lard Tunderin Jeezus's picture

Thank you so much for your perspective, Sineed.

BTW, I felt the same way about Smitherman even before reading your post.

Tigana Tigana's picture

http://www.policyalternatives.ca/taxonomy/term/4

Targeting generic instead of brand-name drugs not the best way to lower Ontario’s drug costs

by Joel Lexchin
National OfficeOntario Office | Commentary and Fact Sheets
Issue(s): Corporations and corporate powerEconomy and economic indicatorsHealth, Health care system, Pharmacare
May 4, 2010

The Ontario government has recently announced major changes to the way that it will pay for generic drugs. The aim is to rein in rapidly increasing costs for the Ontario Drug Benefit Program.

Generics help make public drug plans affordable, but, to get used, they need to be dispensed by pharmacists. In effect, what the pharmacy owners tell the generic companies is that they will not stock their products unless the companies sell to them at a discount.

The pharmacy owners are reimbursed by the government at the list price, not the discount price, and they pocket the difference—about 20% of the price of the drug. What the government is now proposing to do is to eliminate these discounts and save $750 million from an annual drug bill of $4.14 billion.

The pharmacy owners, primarily the large chains such as Shoppers Drug Mart and Rexall, are protesting this move. They claim these discounts are necessary to make their businesses economically viable and that, without the discounts, they will have to cut services and reduce store operating hours.

The McGinty government is not indifferent to what the pharmacists are saying, and has announced some relief for them. Dispensing fees—the fees for the advice that pharmacists give to patients—will be raised in rural communities from $7 to $10, and in urban centres from $7 to $8. But the pharmacies say this is too little.

Part of the solution is to stop paying pharmacists for being storekeepers and start paying them to monitor patients for adverse effects from medications, and to spend time discussing the harms and benefits of the drugs that people are taking.

Generic drug prices in Canada are undoubtedly much higher in Canada than in many other countries, so lowering these prices makes sense. But if our governments want to save even more, they need to start taking aggressive action on brand-name prices. Of the $20 billion in revenue drug manufacturers receive, 70% goes for brand-name drugs and only 30% for generic drugs.

--- continues at link

 

Sineed

Most cogent part of Dr. Lexchin's article:

Quote:
Part of the solution is to stop paying pharmacists for being storekeepers and start paying them to monitor patients for adverse effects from medications, and to spend time discussing the harms and benefits of the drugs that people are taking.

Pharmacists rely on professional allowances because the government doesn't pay an adequate dispensing fee for Drug Benefit scripts, a large part of our business (that's the government drug plan for senior citizens, welfare, disabled, & Trillium for low-income working people).  The fee has increased by less than a dollar over the past 25 years.  The government is offering an increase in the fee, but it costs about $14 to fill a script, and increasing the fee from $7 to $8 or $9 doesn't cut it.

An example of the absurdity of how pharmacists are compensated in the current system: at my previous job, a woman brought me a prescription for her newborn baby.  The prescription was for an antibiotic that is safe in big people, but can cause hemolytic anemia, where the red blood cells get destroyed, in newborns.  So I called Sick Kids to double check that I was right about this, and then I spent about half an hour with the patient's mom and on the phone, trying to get another prescription for this baby.  Finally I reached somebody in the prescribing doctor's office who verified that the baby didn't have an infection; the prescription was just "as a precaution."  So it ended well: I gave the mom some breast-feeding tips, and recommended she follow up with a pediatrician ASAP.

The absurdity: if I had filled the prescription no questions asked, the store would have been paid for my services.  But I didn't fill the prescription, so the store did not get paid, though they still had to pay me for my time, the 45 minutes or so in total between the time spent on the phone, talking to the mom, etc.

This current move by the government, of taking away large amounts of money from stores without adequately replacing these losses, will hurt those small, professionally-focused stores; the ones who don't mitigate their losses behind the pharmacy counter by selling food, cosmetics, fancy chocolates, etc.

So the type of professionally-focused practices we would want to encourage for the best patient care will be hurt the most.

Tigana Tigana's picture

Canadian physicians can command hefty six- and seven-figure salaries.

http://www.citytv.com/toronto/citynews/news/local/article/9738--ontario-...

Yet they can no longer tell us about the side effects of medications or keep track of adverse drug reactions. Indeed they are no longer required to do so.

This information makes me wonder what doctors are paid for.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedsore

"Bedsores are often fatal – even under the auspices of medical care – and are one of the leading iatrogenic causes of death reported in developed countries, second only to adverse drug reactions

 

 

Tigana Tigana's picture

I've heard that doctors in third world countries can function well with a set of perhaps 200 Western medications. Perhaps we do not need thousands of drugs, and should consider the benefits of prevention and nutrition - and the reason for the pressure to take drugs.  

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Drugs, Doctors and Dinners
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Drugs, Doctors and Dinners. How drug companies influence health in the developing world ...... the independent information needed by consumers and their doctors. ..... Bad Medicine: The Prescription Drug Industry in the Third World. ...
www.marketingoverdose.org/documents/ci_pharma_2007.pdf - Similar

Sineed

Tigana wrote:

I've heard that doctors in third world countries can function well with a set of perhaps 200 Western medications. Perhaps we do not need thousands of drugs, and should consider the benefits of prevention and nutrition - and the reason for the pressure to take drugs.  

 

I haven't sat down and worked out how many drugs it is, but the main point is true, and there are a few reasons for this.  A lot of the research done by brand-name drug companies is focused on the production of "me-too" drugs, or drugs that are copies of successful drugs already on the market.  Such drugs don't represent a therapeutic advance, but they help brand-name companies keep profits high in the face of their older drugs coming off patent, which allows cheaper generic copies.

What hospitals do is maintain drug formularies, or lists of drugs selected by drug experts for therapeutic effectiveness.  So of the five ulcer drugs on the market, they'll carry one (or more if there's a specific therapeutic reason).  Hospitals don't stock all the drugs on the market - they do therapeutic substitutions, allowing the pharmacists to substitute one drug for another.  This practice is strictly forbidden outside hospitals - if drugs were prescribed according to safety and effectiveness, it would be bad for business.