Post-Secondary Education And Employment

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Aristotleded24
Post-Secondary Education And Employment

[url=http://rabble.ca/babble/canadian-politics/who-are-u-supporting-ndp-leade... in response to massive thread drift[/url] Here are the relevant postings:

Winston wrote:
A large part of the problem is that too many students pursue post-secondary studies in fields for which there is not a lot of demand.  If one's goal is to learn for its own sake, then by all means one should pursue university studies in whatever field interests them.  If one's goal is to find a reasonably paid, rewarding job, then that person should probably choose to study at a college, complete a professional degree or pick up a trade.

Aristotleded24 wrote:

Panna wrote:
I attended a Mulcair townhall gathering in Winnipeg with my older teenage son who was the only teenager present in the room.  At one point, Mulcair pointed to my son as he referenced young people his age and older who's futures were very dicey in today's economic times.  He included references to the high tuition debt that young people are forced to take on, prohibitive costs of being able to afford homes as well as how full time manufacturing jobs with pensions are slowly being eroded out of the economy.  He clearly and explicitly stated that the future of this generation concerns him.

I sincerely hope that should your son choose to attend post-secondary education that he has better luck applying those skills on the job market than is the case for so many people under 35. As I said, I don't expect Mulcair to flat-out say, "no, it's perfectly acceptable that young people should be worse off financially than their parents," but when the rubber hits the road, nothing Mulcair said convinces me that he gets this issue.

As for high student debt? Check out his history as a part of Charest's government while Charest was attacking post-secondary students. His history is there for all to see, I'm not making that up. His actions as part of the Charest government speak louder than all the speeches he could give.

Winston wrote:
This is a bit of a post I sent to Aristotle24 via PM that I think is pertinent to put forward for general discussion (I hope you don't mind, Aristotle).

It is my view (and, I suspect, Mulcair's too) that a country having plenty of unemployed young people with BA's and BSc's is a symptom of a system that churns out too many BA's and BSc's. I think it is unconscionable that we expect students to pay the tuition fees they have to pay for a skill set that does not prepare them for meaningful employment in the economy.

Far better to have a system such as they have in many European countries (especially in Northern Europe), where not only are tuitions free but where students are provided a stipend to live on while they study.

The trade-off of course in systems such as these is that far fewer individuals graduate with non-professional BA's and BSc's. With limited resources, these governments are very fastidious about allocating them where they are "most required." These social democratic governments make determinations as to what their economies require and direct their resources there - if the economy requires 5000 engineers, 2000 accountants, 1000 nurses and 200 sociologists, that is how many spaces will be made available to students.

In these countries, there is also a tendency to stream students into the skilled trades rather than necessarily to universities. People are generally trained to the level which they require in order to practice what they have studied. In other words, those who end up studying geography or mathematics at the undergraduate level in Europe are far more likely to be the sort who end up continuing their studies at the graduate level, which is the level of education required to be employed in these fields, than they are in North America.

We do have a disease in our economy due to our levels of youth unemployment, but its cause is not simply just that there are not enough jobs - a large part of the problem is that we continue to provide our young people the wrong sets of skills to succeed in the labour market. In most countries, a social-democratic solution involves improving the equitable access to education and skills training, but often at the expense of choice.

Panna wrote:
That was a very informative post, Winston.  Thank you.

 

My son and I have often wished that Canada would adopt such an educational system as found in Europe as it would have eliminated so much unproductivity and wastefulness.  My boy has spent 11 years ducking out of a system where he felt so uncomfortable and useless.  He's not an 'academic' and would have fared much better if he had access to a structure that allowed him hands on, practical learning. 

--------------

Aristotle, I have never attended university beyond winning a scholarship that allowed me to attend for one year.  There was no money and one of my parents fell ill and needed care.  My 'career' was alot of unmeaningful jobs that paid little, but I slowly worked my way up to where I was comfortable.  In addition to what Winston said about a surplus of degrees in a flooded market, I would say also that there is a higher expectation to be making big bucks right away in a job that directly relates to whatever you studied instead of slowly working your way up.

Winston wrote:
Aristotle24 brought up some other very good points via PM.  It is not my place to post them publicly, but perhaps he would care to add them to this heinously drifting, but very interesting thread.

And Panna, I'm sorry to hear about the difficulties your son has experienced.  Does he have plans to get into the trades?

Brachina wrote:
Winston wrote:

This is a bit of a post I sent to Aristotle24 via PM that I think is pertinent to put forward for general discussion (I hope you don't mind, Aristotle).

It is my view (and, I suspect, Mulcair's too) that a country having plenty of unemployed young people with BA's and BSc's is a symptom of a system that churns out too many BA's and BSc's. I think it is unconscionable that we expect students to pay the tuition fees they have to pay for a skill set that does not prepare them for meaningful employment in the economy.

Far better to have a system such as they have in many European countries (especially in Northern Europe), where not only are tuitions free but where students are provided a stipend to live on while they study.

The trade-off of course in systems such as these is that far fewer individuals graduate with non-professional BA's and BSc's. With limited resources, these governments are very fastidious about allocating them where they are "most required." These social democratic governments make determinations as to what their economies require and direct their resources there - if the economy requires 5000 engineers, 2000 accountants, 1000 nurses and 200 sociologists, that is how many spaces will be made available to students.

In these countries, there is also a tendency to stream students into the skilled trades rather than necessarily to universities. People are generally trained to the level which they require in order to practice what they have studied. In other words, those who end up studying geography or mathematics at the undergraduate level in Europe are far more likely to be the sort who end up continuing their studies at the graduate level, which is the level of education required to be employed in these fields, than they are in North America.

We do have a disease in our economy due to our levels of youth unemployment, but its cause is not simply just that there are not enough jobs - a large part of the problem is that we continue to provide our young people the wrong sets of skills to succeed in the labour market. In most countries, a social-democratic solution involves improving the equitable access to education and skills training, but often at the expense of choice.

That is an unacceptable trade off. Universities are meant to be places of learning, not just education factories. If a person dreams of a pacticular type of degree its not the government's place to decide its unavialable, because it doesn't fit thier plans. If they wish to play favourites fine, but removing choice and programs interferes for to much with academic freedom and I would appose such very hard. What we need if far greater resources for pure research. Knowledge is an ends in itself and its gives a society meaning beyond simple animal survival.

Aristotleded24

The system is really messed up, beyond the fact that it doesn't provide employable skills. Here's a lengthy, but good read that ties together issues of student debt, unemployment, entitlement, and credential inflation. We just assume that it's "good" that people go to university. We're not sure as a society what we want from our universities, whether to give people skills or to develop their critical thinking. Look at how degrees in things like history, philosophy, or English, for example, are looked down upon as not being "real" degrees because those degrees have little value in a market economy, even though they are important in terms of critical thinking.

I'm also of the view that many university students shouldn't be there. High school kids have it pounded into their heads before they can even apply for their learners that they have to decide what university program they want to take, or else they'll be doomed to a life of poverty. So they go in, thinking it will be of benefit to them, and yet it's so easy to forget everything when you're done your studies, to say nothing of the fact that most of what you need for work you learn at work anyways. Of course, the universities don't mind because they look good with the larger number of degrees they're cranking out, but they're not always able to support students and grads in terms of finding work.

The other issue is that most 18-year-olds (the age of entry for university) simply don't have much in the way of life experience, whether it's students who study while living with their parents, or students who go away and study and often struggle. I'm actually of the view that no university or college should admit anybody under the age of 20, simply to take pressure off the students before they go, and give them a chance to gain some life experience (i.e. work or travel) that will help ground them in their studies.

I also think that instead of paying for all tuition upfront that tuition bills should be repaid on a sliding scale depending on how long graduates take to find meaning full work (ie pay it all back if you find work within 3 months, 75% back if you find work within 3-6 months, 50% for 6-9 months, 25% for 9-12 months, and 10% for a year or more). I bet that step alone would fix the problem pretty quickly.

Winston

Aristotleded24 wrote:

I also think that instead of paying for all tuition upfront that tuition bills should be repaid on a sliding scale depending on how long graduates take to find meaning full work (ie pay it all back if you find work within 3 months, 75% back if you find work within 3-6 months, 50% for 6-9 months, 25% for 9-12 months, and 10% for a year or more). I bet that step alone would fix the problem pretty quickly.

So you're suggesting that those who choose to study something from which they cannot find work should pay less than those who study something which does lead to a job?

It seems to me that would encourage even MORE people to pursue fields which will not lead to a job.

Winston

Brachina wrote:
 That is an unacceptable trade off. Universities are meant to be places of learning, not just education factories. If a person dreams of a pacticular type of degree its not the government's place to decide its unavialable, because it doesn't fit thier plans. If they wish to play favourites fine, but removing choice and programs interferes for to much with academic freedom and I would appose such very hard. What we need if far greater resources for pure research. Knowledge is an ends in itself and its gives a society meaning beyond simple animal survival.

Well, if universities are meant to be places of higher learning, why debase everyone's degree by churning out thousands of general BA's and BSc's to C-students who are not really interested in learning but rather are seeking a degree as a means only to get a credential of some sort?

The irony with the "unacceptable trade-off" you cite is that the abundance of choice, and the lack of resource targeting in post-secondary education has resulted in precisely what you fear: at the undergraduate level (and increasingly in higher education as well), our universities have indeed become nothing but "education factories".

No one is talking about removing anyone's academic freedom, only ensuring that young people end up in the area of study or work that best suits them and in which they can make the biggest difference.  It does no one any good to send upwards of 25% of our population to universities for generic degrees: neither the student pursuing a degree they're not interested in to qualify for a job for which a degree ought not be required, nor the university which grants a slew of lower-quality degrees, nor the profs whose time is wasted teaching these students who do not belong in their classes, nor the motivated and interested students who are buried in 300-person classes, nor the governments that fund post-secondary education, nor the economy that is burdened with a generation of young people entering the workforce without the skills required for it.

Far better to have FEWER people go to universities, but provide those individuals with a higher quality education, fully cover their tuition and allow them the opportunity to study in conditions other than poverty.  Let's reverse the trend of the last 3 decades toward turning our universities into money-grubbing degree factories that churn out mediocre graduates for a dwindling number of white-collar middle-management jobs for which a highschool diploma should suffice, and return them to the institutions of higher learning they ought to be.

Next, let's also start investing in our community colleges and polytechnical institutes (and start forcing industry to do so as well) and let's increase the amount of resources invested in training skilled tradespeople, improving apprenticeship programs and encuraging young people to pursue these careers.  Let's get over the stigma, unique to North Americans it seems, associated with blue-collar work and recognize the true value and essential nature of the quality work of all professons and trades.

Caissa

Universities are designed to create, preserve and distribute knowledge. The fact that employers like to hire individuals with a university education speaks to the fact that employers recognize that after a university education an individual is no longer the person s/he was before. It also recognize that for traditional aged students, those 4+ years are ones of profound identity development. In many ways, employers treat universities like finishing schools. it is not the  primary job of universities nor has it ever been the primary  job of universities to serve the capitalist labour market.

Slumberjack

Caissa wrote:
it is not the  primary job of universities nor has it ever been the primary  job of universities to serve the capitalist labour market.

There was always some kind of mercantile market requiring that people to be fed into it wholesale; some as hands on labour (any human being suffices), others as maintenance and security workers (trades), and administrators and managers, (the university graduate). That's the funny thing about young students who typically acquire their first full head of steam about democracy and politics and human rights, who are then mobilized by some outrage or another to go off and put theory into practical use - an unfortunate side effect of the propaganda and conditioning processes - and who very quickly run up against the cold hard reality of the paramilitary police system, and if need be the full military on standby in the wings.

Slumberjack

I'm glad you amended your post. I thought the part about raising education and testing standards was ill-conceived in isolation from everything else, which you've subsequently touched upon.

Rabble_Incognito

I think our culture lost respect for education, and collective bargaining, achievement in trades, relations with people, the vulnerable...sigh,... minimum wage isn't even a living wage, is it? Man, you'd have to improve all kinds of stuff as a collective. Very challenging, difficult problem. I guess you'd have to ask the academics who've seen some of the screwings over how you change the world.

Mulcair can apologise to students if it is the case that he messed up their issues in the past and still address their present concerns. People evolve.

Educ institutions are creating tons of part time jobs, removing faculty, crushing unions, turning pensions into 401Ks, disrespecting PS/HS teacher concerns - the management should be held responsible, start with the top, and observe how they handle people at the bottom, the most vulnerable, make decent free or low cost public child care a priority and start there. It takes bucks I guess. How to get them? Use Topp's tax reforms to gather more from the wealthiest? I dunno.

Education is probably a Quality of Life metric, so maybe bring it in that way. Make funding of Canadian quality of life issues a priority?

Caissa

"incentives to work hard" = grades

If that is too much of an external motivator, try the acquisition of knowledge.

Rabble_Incognito

Well, education costs money and we can't fritter it on people who don't want to try hard. We want incentives for hard work that is good quality work too, whether it is the personal care worker or the biophysicist or poet who is seeking the training/schoolin'. I think folks who are disabled should get a better crack at schooling - invest some money in making sure they have breaks we can give. Make lateral training that makes sense to the economy something you can deduct.  I don't know - I'm not a money person. Free is an awesome point on the horizon if you can sail there in a zig zag, or look to places where it is successful. Open universities maybe.

I think business schools should be self sustaining, by definition.  Let's start there. We've educated 'enough' financial technocrats until Flaherty dies, like the next 20 years.

Money mouth

 

Slumberjack

The states have a 'no child left behind' policy they've been following.  Perhaps you have in mind something like that?

Rabble_Incognito

We don't want people too smart or they'll rebel, you know. Wink

Students now I feel sorry for their lot - perhaps the NDP could remove the ability of the banks to take advantage of HIGH interest rates on student loans, for starters - and find some other bank loopholes - close 'em up, laws to prevent collection agencies from high handed actions with customers? I don't know. Students probably hve a better sense of what needs fixing. What do the student groups have to say? I'l look into those folks. Oh wait, CSIS is already looking into it, I know, I know...lol

Also, why is it that a car dealer can go bankrupt, but not a student?

GONG, inequity.

Make student loans like any other loan in terms of bankruptcy if, after a period of time, the student can't find reasonable employment.

 

Rabble_Incognito

I'd like to know more about the good parts of it, Slumberjack. But I'm not an educational theorist so I can't say. I'm not schooled in it.

I feel you cannot educate a hungry child/student.

So, I feel you have to solve problems of poverty, or you're going to fail at educating, because they can't listen properly, because they're hungry. Some people have to choose between rent and food, but also some don't know how to properly nourish and need education. So it's a two pronged approach I'd favour. Get at the inequities in the society, and you'll get at the education issue too, because people will have a proper environment or culture in which to learn.

So, at the young end of the school issue, I'm all for better welfare teamed up with municipal adult education so we don't need school breakfast programs, school lunch programs (though I think children's parents should have adequate funds for food as i hope i've implied), State funded/Prov funded, reducing the load on older poor folks lives. I don't know what exactly Bush intended with No Child Left Behind - I don't know it well enough to say. I'm only familiar with it accc to WikiP.

I don't think charity should replace good policy. That's why ensuring folks are taken care of in soc in general is essential policy for me.

Standardized is always always relative to someone's standard, and community standards are a good place to start, again not sure about the NCLB policy. Teaching to the test doesn't seem like a good idea on the face of it.

Being schooled is probably poor consolation if Mom needs a food bank, or the school has to feed her kids. But pumping more money into education would probably be a good idea once the priorities of the poor are addressed. Univ/College/Trades students are often poor so the same principle applies - trades or college or univ students shouldn't have to choose between food and rent, or they'll fail out, likely.

Are the tests in Spanish too? What if a teacher has non English students? Not sure myself...

Also, is there any evidence NCLB actually works, or is it some nice ideas?

IF NOT, then was it truly evidence-based in application? You can't control all the variables - you need a supportive culture, home life, free from financial worry, good health... you need environmental change to make education policy work I am guessing.

e.g., kids can't learn if they're worried about Daddy's and Mommy's health care bills from the US insurance carrier threatening the home life, like college kids can't learn or apply what they've learned and succeed under outrageous terms of debt or threat of financial ruin.

milo204

the problem is that our society looks at school as the only way to learn and doesn't recognize other forms of learning.  I've met people who have never taken a history class, yet know more history than the people teaching it because they read more.  the only difference is a piece of paper.  Same for so many things taught in schools.

And that's what forces everyone into it.  it's not about actually learning, it's about getting the piece of paper that says you learned something that allows you to (hopefully) work.

funny thing is that when you look at a lot of people who are great at what they do, especially in the arts, they often didn't go to school to learn it.  They just immersed themselves in it because they loved it.

Catchfire Catchfire's picture

Yikes. I wish I hadn't found this thread. I anticipate it taking up way too much of my time (as a post-graduate student, activist and educator, not as a moderator).

Maybe I'll just walk away quietly and try to forget I found it. In the meantime, THIS:

Caissa wrote:
Universities are designed to create, preserve and distribute knowledge. The fact that employers like to hire individuals with a university education speaks to the fact that employers recognize that after a university education an individual is no longer the person s/he was before. It also recognize that for traditional aged students, those 4+ years are ones of profound identity development. In many ways, employers treat universities like finishing schools. it is not the  primary job of universities nor has it ever been the primary  job of universities to serve the capitalist labour market.

Everyone should have a university education if they want one. Everyone.

Slumberjack

Smile

Rabble_Incognito

Yeah the neo Cons and corporate piggies want schools to be finishing schools, but they want the students docile, like bovine, or sheep. None of these unions or any of that smartass social science crap. Reminds me of a place set up by corps to teach nuclear operators, nurses, and GM engineers in Ontario somewhere...

Free education would be great, but if it is free, can people value it? Or is free sometimes exploitative?

I think people have to sacrifice some token of their lives in order to earn education. I think it would be horrible to inflict uninterested students upon a teacher. And paying more money doesn't help, it just makes the student take out more loans, or brings in affluent students who in some sense don't 'need' the education as much as the less affluent student.

How do open universities get commited students?

Just as a sick and twisted side note about free school and exploitation, a construction company in Ontario does solar installations - they charge like $50K, $75K, under the FIT program - someone else's money. So, they take apprentice electrician volunteers, they train them to do the basic job, then they send them out to do the installation. and charge full journeyman price for the electrical work largely unsupervised. That's how desperate people have become and how unregulated the trades are in private hands - they get away with it. At DeVry, they used to encourage people to volunteer in high tech - same scam. You do the work but you're not paid because students are Tier 2 humans. Many corporations get free labour now when a worker first wants a job - it has become acceptable for companies to say they're happy to accept volunteers.

I'd rather lose my left <deleted> than work for free so some clown can make a buck, but that's the extent of people's humbling now in the face of poverty and corporate strangle holds on people's lives. That's why I don't want to hear any more crap about Mulcair being centrist - it just infuriates me - makes me think Topp and Nash and Dewar rock.

Business doesn't need to be courted or need any assistance whatsoever.

Fidel

I agree that everyone who wants a uni ed should be able to get one and without becoming a debt serf in the process. And there are other paths to a university degree that involve years of practical hands-on work and returning to school later to earn a degree. And it really is hard enough work earning a degree without having to worry about debt repayment schedules and putting off life for very many years as a result. Total education costs are different for students in the same programs of study in Canada and based on confusion and bullshit,  your family and personal income and whether a person lacking the means can handle the bullshit over the long run. It's not fair, and I don't agree with it. It's broken. And so is the jobs situation broken.

And it's broken for a reason. Neoliberalism is about increasing debt levels not putting multitudes of people to work. As US economist Michael Hudson says about the new capitalist business plan: The new business plan says that debt is wealth creation. 

Debt equals wealth creation.

Wealth creation is no longer government investment in industry, education or promoting a healthy manufacturing sector,  but debt. And forget about learning for fun and recreation. Forget about liberal arts and humanities or the other side of the coin of a well rounded education. If it doesn't make money for rich people, then you have no business pursuing what rich people's kids can afford to while taking time off between degrees to see the world.

It's almost like saying ignorance is strength or that war is peace. They don't come right out and say these things, but it really is Orwellian. Debt levels must be maintained and even increased at all cost to human need, the environment etc. You name it there will be double plus ungood reasons for allowing money people in other countries to dictate our central economic plan. Debt is power and people fear powerful little men orchestrating things behind the curtain. If you ask the government people, university recruiters or industry people what the plan is, they won't be able to tell you. There isn't one as far as they know. What they do know is that funding for unviersities has been gutted over the years, and they need paying students to make up the shortfall. This they understand. Ultimately they will tell prospective students that they are not in the business of predicting the future. It's a safe bet that they can not.

But as rogue economist Michael Hudson says, all economies are centrally planned whether they admit it or not. There is an unwritten central plan, and we know what it is. 

Fidel

I think Canadians are among the most well educated people in the world with all kinds of potential. The unfortunate thing is that we have had no real economic plan other than continuing on as a hewer and drawer nation. The people I've met and worked with in industry are among the best in the world at what they do. Canada has talent galore, and a lot of  it is under-employed, unemployed, under-utilized, ignored, and even discouraged by the situation enough that they end up returning to countries where they or their parents emigrated from for a lack of opportunities here in America's gas tank, or the country often referred to as Canada. And it's a cryin' shame.

Aristotleded24

Winston wrote:

Aristotleded24 wrote:

I also think that instead of paying for all tuition upfront that tuition bills should be repaid on a sliding scale depending on how long graduates take to find meaning full work (ie pay it all back if you find work within 3 months, 75% back if you find work within 3-6 months, 50% for 6-9 months, 25% for 9-12 months, and 10% for a year or more). I bet that step alone would fix the problem pretty quickly.

So you're suggesting that those who choose to study something from which they cannot find work should pay less than those who study something which does lead to a job?

It seems to me that would encourage even MORE people to pursue fields which will not lead to a job.

The point here is to give post-secondary educational institutions some financial incentive to actually care about what happens to their students afterwards. I highly doubt that students themselves are going to study subjects which don't lead directly to employment or delay their entry into the labour market (with the attendant question of why it took them so long to find work, which will be asked in an interview) simply to save money on their studies.

I've also had the experience of college instructors telling students that if they want to find work, they should seriously apply for work outside of the province. Which again begs the question, why are there more training spots open than there are jobs available? Why not look at the labour market data for a particular profession, and if the jobs can't be filled locally, then maybe the colleges should be made to cut the number of spaces or drop the program entirely?

That's not to say that there's anything wrong with studying in your home province and moving somewhere else if that's what you decide, but it does not make sense for me for one jurisdiction to train someone else's workforce. What benefit is it to Manitoba to have low tuition fees if the graduates all move to Alberta anyways?